What Makes a Good Meal

A decent feast is one that has the attractive characteristics which can recognize it from common dinners (American Heritage Dictionary). In this manner, a decent feast ought to be classy, solid and pleasantly served. This incorporates all the procedures for the arrangement of food †from choosing the fixings, cooking, embellishing and serving the food †offering contemplations to the time and condition, wherein the feast should be served. Making a decent feast begins by the choice of fixings. Continuously select canned and dried food first. Jars ought to be flawless (e. g. no protruding, spilling or dentations) upon buy, furthermore, one ought to consistently be aware of the lapse date of the item. Dry merchandise (e. g flavors) ought to be kept in sealed shut holders to keep the flavor and fragrance. After buiyng canned and dried products, next buy ought to be made for vegetables and herbs. In purchasing vegetables, ensure that they are new, distinctively green and with no yellow patches. They ought to be pressed by same sorts. Lastly, the last that ought to be purchased are short-lived nourishments like meat, fish and poultry. These merchandise ought to be kept refrigerated to guarantee the newness. Any buy that is felt warm to contact or stuffed in a spilling bundle ought to be disposed of. Once at home, planning of the feast begins by legitimate taking care of. The primary motivation behind this is to forestall conceivable food contamination that may result from development of microbes. In this way, consistently keep the food in the cooler, keep everything clean and abstain from ruining promptly arranged fixings with different fixings like fish or meat. Marinating effectively tenderizes meat so it cooks quicker and gets juicier. The essential components of a marinade incorporates blend of vinegar or potentially lemon juice, finely slashed onion, herbs and flavors. Extra components are added by what is marinated †model, yogurt or wine for poultry; olive oil for fish and soy sauce for meat. Flavors, for example, dried pieces of fragrant plants, aside from the leaves, can be as hot as dried hot chilies, dark or white pepper or ginger, they can likewise be as gentle as dry coriander. New herbs like basil, mint, parsley and flavors are served to change essential nourishments into seasoned ones. The best marinating strategies is to placed the marinade and the fixing in a nylon sack, blend well at that point crush to get the let some circulation into, firmly seal and put in the fridge for 2-4 hours. A decent tasty supper doesn't really imply that it ought to be unfortunate. A report discharged by the American Heart Association, the American Cancer Society, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the National Institutes of Health; expressed five guidelines for a sound eating regimen to be specific: (1) an assortment of food, for the most part of plant inception ought to be incorporated; (2) a supper must remember starch for the type of bread, rice, pasta or oats; (3) a dinner ought to have low fat substance (30% of the all out calories required); (4) admission of sugars ought to be kept to a base and (5) ladies are especially urged to devour low fat dairy items to battle osteoporosis (Tanne, 1999). Cooking strategies may shift, they can incorporate heating, bubbling, flame broiling, simmering and steaming. Picking a specific strategy relies upon the flavors and supplements one needs to keep without including or devouring additional measures of fat. Preparing is utilized for cooking bread, potato and yam notwithstanding poultry and fish. Prepared food is better than singed on the grounds that seared food typically adds to cholesterol develop in the heart. Nourishments reasonable for bubbling may incorporate vegetables, meat, stocks, fish, soups, eggs, and flour based food, for example, pasta. Bubbling is sheltered and straightforward, in addition to it is progressively fitting for a lot of fixings to be cooked. Bubbling can likewise soften more established and harder cuts of meat, making it progressively absorbable. Bubbling meat produces delightful stock reasonable for sauces and soups while bubbling vegetables hold supplements insofar as bubbling time is least. Steaming is increasingly pertinent to wellbeing cognizant people since this technique for cooking just requires steam. Steaming principally decreases the fat substance of food since it doesn't require cooking oil. Less supplements are additionally detracted from food since it doesn't legitimately require simultaneously. Steaming beginnings by bubbling water in a liner and letting it vanish in to steam, the warmth from the dissipated water at that point courses inside the liner consequently preparing the food. Barbecuing is additionally as adaptable as heating and bubbling since various food items can likewise be cooked along these lines. Flame broiling is the least demanding method of cooking since it includes high temperatures of warmth from coal, gas, wood and/or infrared and food essentially positioned over the wellspring of warmth. Normally flame broiled nourishments incorporate meat, fish, chicken, pork hacks, vegetables, natural products, mushrooms, corn, shrimp, squid, and wieners. Cooking meat at high temperatures, in any case, add to the development of heterocyclic amines which can cause malignancy (Sugimura, Wkabayashi, Nakagama and Nagao, 290). Simmering then is done in open blazes, broilers or other warmth sources to prepare food. Broiling normally improves kinds of food through caramelization of sugar in the surface. Food to be cooked is put on a rack, broiling container, or in a rotisserie for even presentation to warm. Hot air courses around the meat cooking all sides similarly. Broiling contrasts from barbecuing as far as meat since flame broiled meat is spiced by wet fixings through the way toward marinating. The finishing up venture of setting up a decent supper is in the food introduction. It doesn't just cover embellishing and setting up the plate, however it ought to fulfill the five faculties of the visitor. The feeling of sight can be supplemented by embellishing the plate, the decorative spread, and perhaps the table itself, as blossoms as well as candles. Going with simple listening music should sooth the feeling of hearing. Contact can be complmented by the utensils. Smelling the fragrance of the food animates the visitor's hunger and tasting the feast and the served refreshment is the most significant of all since it will quantify the visitor's definitive fulfillment. The most significant single thing is decorating the plate and it should begin by the elements of the feast itself with respect to shading surface of sauces and new green or hued vegetables included toward the end. Moreover, the edge or edge of the plate can be enlivened by utilizing a pate of red, yellow and green pepper or utilize cut bits of vegetables (carrot, potato, or green beans) that geometrically coordinate the principle dish in the plate. Continuously remember that the options should include shading, flavor and ideally nutritious incentive to the supper. To apply the standards portrayed I will depict how to make a decent vegetable stuffed fish filet feast. Choice: A decent fish filet is described by being wet, firm and flexible. It ought to have a new gentle smell (fish scent accompanies time). It ought to have new non shaded or dry cut edges. Pick fish filet of roughly 1 inch thickness. It very well may be of white fish (tilapia) or something else. Planning: If fish filet is purchased solidified, it ought to be permitted to defrost progressively. Abstain from defrosting in room temperature. One can submerge the bundle into cold water for an hour as an option for faster defrosting. After legitimate cleaning of the filet, it is to be marinated. The marinade is made out of 3 table spoons (tbsp) of new squeezed orange, 2 tbsp of new lemon juice, 2 tbsp of olive oil, 1 clove garlic (finely hacked) and salt and newly ground dark pepper to taste. Submerge the fish filet into the marinade, put in a nylon pack, get the freshen up, immovably seal and put in the cooler for 2-4 hours. The stuffing is made out of 1 base of carrot, 1 head of radish, 4 spring onions, Italian parsley, green coriander and not many leaves of new mint. All are finely hacked. Salt and newly ground dark pepper is included. Cooking: Spread a bit of fish filet, put a portion of the stuffing 1 inch away from the end. Roll the fish filet to incorporate the stuffing. On the off chance that it rests with trouble, one can â€Å"pin† it with a sharp toothpick. Rehash the methodology for other fish filet pieces. Put all in a non-stick plate brushed with olive oil. Heat in a preheated stove at 420-450 F for 10-12 minutes, a fraction of the ideal opportunity for each side. Heating fish filet takes 10 minutes for each inch, so cooking time is identified with the thickness of the bit of filet. Serving: A cooked stuffed fish filet can be served on finely slashed radish leaves and bested with a 1-2 tbsp blend of new lemon juice, olive oil (extra-virgin), finely ground lemon pizzazz and few firmly pressed new Italian parsley leaves and cleaved rosemary leaves and cut little bits of red pepper. The dish can be presented with steamed carrots and long green beans or prepared potatoes or cooked long grain rice. The supper is presented with white wine and is to be introduced hot.

Deception Point Page 98

Jesus Christ. The controller glanced back at the deck. Delta-Two despite everything hung in the Triton's paws, however now the sub was suspended over a vast gap in the deck. His feet dangled over the void. All Tolland needed to do was discharge the paws, and Delta-Two would be straightaway. â€Å"Okay,† the controller yelped into the CrypTalk. â€Å"Hold on. Simply hold on!† Rachel remained underneath on the deck and gazed up at the Kiowa. Indeed, even from this tallness the controller detected the purpose in her eyes. Rachel raised the CrypTalk to her mouth. â€Å"You still believe we're bluffing?† she said. â€Å"Call the fundamental switchboard at the NRO. Request Jim Samiljan. He's in P An on the nightshift. I revealed to him everything about the shooting star. He will confirm.† She's giving me a particular name? This didn't look good. Rachel Sexton was no bonehead, and this was a feign the controller could check very quickly. Despite the fact that the controller knew about nobody at the NRO named Jim Samiljan, the association was gigantic. Rachel could be coming clean. Prior to requesting the last slaughter, the controller needed to affirm if this was a feign or not. Delta-One investigated his shoulder. â€Å"You need me to deactivate the jammer so you can call and check it out?† The controller looked down at Rachel and Tolland, both on display. On the off chance that both of them made a move for a cellphone or radio, the controller knew Delta-One could generally reactivate and cut them off. The hazard was insignificant. â€Å"Kill the jammer,† the controller stated, pulling out a cellphone. â€Å"I'll affirm Rachel's lying. At that point we'll figure out how to get Delta-Two and end this.† In Fairfax, the administrator at the NRO's focal switchboard was getting anxious. â€Å"As I just let you know, I see no Jim Samiljan in the Plans and Analysis Division.† The guest was unyielding. â€Å"Have you attempted various spellings? Have you attempted other departments?† The administrator had just checked, however she checked once more. Following a few seconds, she stated, â€Å"Nowhere on staff do we have a Jim Samiljan. Under any spelling.† The guest sounded strangely satisfied by this. â€Å"So you are sure the NRO utilizes no Jim Samil-â€Å" An unexpected whirlwind of action ejected on the line. Somebody shouted. The guest reviled so anyone might hear and immediately hung up. Locally available the Kiowa, Delta-One was shouting with rage as he mixed to reactivate the sticking framework. He had made the acknowledgment past the point of no return. In the gigantic cluster of lit controls in the cockpit, a small LED meter demonstrated that a SATCOM information signal was being transmitted from the Goya. Yet, how? No one remaining the deck! Before Delta-One could draw in the jammer, the association from the Goya ended voluntarily. Inside the hydrolab, the fax machine signaled happily. Transporter FOUND†¦ FAX SENT 121 Execute or be murdered. Rachel had found a piece of herself she never knew existed. Endurance mode-a savage determination powered by dread. â€Å"What was in that outbound fax?† the voice on the CrypTalk requested. Rachel was diminished to hear affirmation that the fax had gone out as arranged. â€Å"Leave the area,† she requested, talking into the CrypTalk and glaring up at the drifting chopper. â€Å"It's finished. Your mystery is out.† Rachel educated their assailants regarding all the data she had quite recently sent. About six pages of pictures and content. Undeniable proof that the shooting star was a phony. â€Å"Harming us will just make your circumstance worse.† There was a substantial interruption. â€Å"Who did you send the fax to?† Rachel had no aim of addressing that question. She and Tolland expected to purchase however much time as could reasonably be expected. They had situated themselves close to the opening in the deck, on an immediate line with the Triton, making it inconceivable for the chopper to shoot without hitting the trooper dangling in the sub's paws. â€Å"William Pickering,† the voice speculated, sounding strangely confident. â€Å"You faxed Pickering.† Wrong, Rachel thought. Pickering would have been her first decision, yet she had been compelled to pick another person for dread her assailants had just wiped out Pickering-a move whose strength would be a chilling declaration to her foe's purpose. In a snapshot of frantic choice, Rachel had faxed the information to the main other fax number she knew by heart. Her dad's office. Congressperson Sexton's office fax number had been horrendously engraved into Rachel's memory after her mom's passing when her dad decided to work out a considerable lot of the specifics of the domain without managing Rachel face to face. Rachel never envisioned she would go to her dad in a period of scarcity, however today around evening time the man had two basic characteristics all the right political inspirations to discharge the shooting star information decisively, and enough clout to call the White House and extort them into canceling this kill crew. In spite of the fact that her dad was assuredly not in the workplace at this hour, Rachel realized he kept his office bolted like a vault. Rachel had, in actuality, faxed the information into a period lock safe. Regardless of whether the assailants knew where she had sent it, chances were thin they could overcome the tight government security at the Philip A. Hart Senate Office Building and break into a representative's office without anybody taking note. â€Å"Wherever you sent the fax,† the voice from above said. â€Å"You've placed that individual in danger.† Rachel realized she needed to talk from a place of intensity paying little mind to the dread she was feeling. She motioned to the officer caught in the Triton's paws. His legs dangled over the chasm, trickling blood thirty feet to the sea. â€Å"The just individual in peril here is your agent,† she said into the CrypTalk. â€Å"It's finished. Chill out. The information is no more. You've lost. Leave the zone, or this man dies.† The voice on the CrypTalk terminated back, â€Å"Ms. Sexton, you don't comprehend the significance â€Å" â€Å"Understand?† Rachel detonated. â€Å"I comprehend that you murdered blameless individuals! I comprehend that you lied about the shooting star! What's more, I comprehend that you won't pull off this! Regardless of whether you slaughter every one of us, it's over!† There was a long delay. At long last the voice stated, â€Å"I'm coming down.† Rachel felt her muscles fix. Descending? â€Å"I am unarmed,† the voice said. â€Å"Do do nothing ill-advised. You and I have to talk face-to-face.† Before Rachel could respond, the chopper dropped onto the Goya's deck. The traveler entryway on the fuselage opened and a figure ventured out. He was a plain-glancing man in a dark formal attire. For a moment, Rachel's musings went absolutely clear. She was gazing at William Pickering. William Pickering remained on the deck of the Goya and looked with lament at Rachel Sexton. He had never envisioned today would result in these present circumstances. As he advanced toward her, he could see the hazardous blend of feelings in his representative's eyes. Stun, double-crossing, disarray, rage. All reasonable, he thought. There is so much she doesn't comprehend. For a second, Pickering flashed on his little girl, Diana, thinking about what feelings she had felt before she passed on. Both Diana and Rachel were setbacks of a similar war, a war Pickering had pledged to battle until the end of time. Now and again the losses could be so barbarous. â€Å"Rachel,† Pickering said. â€Å"We can even now work this out. There's a ton I have to explain.† Rachel Sexton looked dismayed, disgusted nearly. Tolland had the automatic weapon now and was targeting Pickering's chest. He excessively looked befuddled. â€Å"Stay back!† Tolland shouted. Pickering halted five yards away, concentrating on Rachel. â€Å"Your father is accepting hush money, Rachel. Adjustments from private space organizations. He intends to disassemble NASA and open space to the private part. He must be halted, as an issue of national security.† Rachel's appearance was clear.

HALL v. UNITED STATES ANALYSIS Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Lobby v. US ANALYSIS - Case Study Example The substance of the case are of worry to the general public and have various hidden variables that need elaboration. Lywood and Brenda Hall who were individuals from a similar family did the case filling. The candidates scrutinized the order of IRS on treating the salary they gained after the offer of their benefits as an obligation. Prior on, the applicants recorded a case on liquidation as expressed by section 12 of the state laws and allowed offer of their ranch property making an offer of $960,000. This deal surpassed the set estimation of Hall’s resources drawing in capital increases obligation ( Carrizales and. Schultz 2010). Section 12 for the most part manages issues with respect to the farmer’s offer of resources for maintain a strategic distance from chapter 11 presentation of the rancher. The laws improve the necessities for resources deal for the ranchers to clear their obligations. Correction of the law was occurred to permit account holders guarantee the Owings to government upon deal or trade of any ranch property utilized in ranch tasks. The Halls utilized this law to release the emerging assessment however confronted protest from Internal Revenue Service (IRS) who expressed that any advantages sold after filling of a request on chapter 11 doesn't qualify releasing under area 1222 (Kent College of Law 2010). The principal preliminary was at Arizona District Federal Bankruptcy Court (Kent College of Law 2010). In its decision, the court concurred with the protest by IRS. The appointed authorities said that it was singular obligation for tax assessment on any capital increases demanding that Chapter 12 was not an alternate available body. The applicants contradicted the decision and; accordingly, they engaged U.S District of Arizona Court. The intrigue court contemplated that the goal of Chapter 12 was to shield families from government tax collection. The legislature at last engaged U.S Court of claim (Kent College of Law 2010). A decision like the Federal Bankruptcy Court read expressing that the Chapter didn't approve for an alternate available element. The Halls

Underrated Concerns About Recent Research Papers on Data Mining

<h1> Underrated Concerns About Recent Research Papers on Data Mining </h1> <h2>If You Read Nothing Else Today, Read This Report on Recent Research Papers on Data Mining </h2> <p>Statistical examination is a somewhat viable device to get inexact arrangements when the. The extortion discovery technique can be for the most part utilized through charge card administrations and media transmission. Today, high advancements are taking progressively increasingly significant part in the system for taking the most critical choices. </p> <p>The web impact will in any case be a significant drop in work. The reproducibility factor will have a significant influence in the evaluation of every accommodation. Therefore, it very well may be valuable while estimating all the elements of the beneficial endeavor. </p> <p>This experience is hard to ace for learners. Besides, with the help of it one can fathom the centrality of precise information. The creators are urged to profit by the discretionary two-page supplement to give the appropriate information. Will focus on progressively unpretentious aspects of moral factual practice. </p> <p>Utilise the help of our administration and don't be worried about how you complete the school. Furthermore, it picks up the trust of its clients with such kind of endeavors. For instance, while working in the promoting business an individual can see all the issues of buyer conduct and their propensities. Every client will get a non-appropriated paper with convenient delivery. </p> <h2> Recent Research Papers on Data Mining Fundamentals Explained </h2> <p>An phenomenal thought is to create a few potential titles and after that select the best one. A regular error for youthful specialists is to form titles which are exceptionally long to endeavor to make the title quite certain. This was a major change both concerning research region yet additionally as for nation. To put it in an unexpected way, a flourishing scientist will carry out the responsibility hard. </p> <p>There will be a schedule opening for organizations to create their introduction in a room. Top Executive Top officials are those in an industry that choose key strategies to ensure that an industry meets its points time to time. Furthermore, it's likewise valuable for showcasing efforts since it will assist with detecting the client reaction over specific items offered available. </p> <p>Most millenials today don't appear to think about working at mines in remote segments of the planet. For example, it is conceivable that different people will misconstrue your work since something is indistinct. As individuals can gather data regarding the matter of the promoted items on the web, which in the long run lessens the cost of the thing and their master administrations. It's likewise advantageous for understudies, that are situated in various regions of the world. </p> <p>For now there's only a couple of capacities accessible in contrast with. It inspects utilizing PCs. Test it out in case you're keen on information wrangling with MATLAB. Each line relates to a solitary case. </p> <h2>Choosing Good Recent Research Papers on Data Mining </h2> <p>Data mining administration is a basic sort of data gathering strategy wherein which all the fitting data experiences a recognizable proof methodology. Remarkable instances of data mining can be situated all through association, medication, science, and reconnaissance. It is generally utilized by numerous individuals of the huge gaints in the data innovation part and furthermore some little ventures by utilizing their own strategies. So as far as characterizing, it is a procedure that is valuable for the disclosure of educational and breaking down the comprehension of the parts of various components. </p> <p>There are numerous sorts of favorable circumstances and focal points of data mining frameworks. The straightforward reality that mining is only discovering its voice concerning innovation with every one of these chances to advance is energizing and can end up being alluring to twenty to thirty year olds. Also, after this kind of transformation in the mining framework, moreover, it included one more issue and that is a lot of work. Subsequently, understanding the point of the mining system is an issue of data. </p> <p>This paper utilizes RAND research to show how schools and areas are dissecting accomplishment test result and different sorts of information to deliver choices to support understudy achievement. The utilization of data mining by numerous organizations in the U.S. isn't constrained by any enactment. PC specialists later on should make calculations that assist ventures with understanding very huge entirety of data and natural information. </p>

Good Narrative Essay Topics That You Should Take Into Consideration

<h1>Good Narrative Essay Topics That You Should Take Into Consideration</h1><p>You have the choice of looking over changed story composing subjects when you need to compose a decent account paper. The points that are accessible in fiction composing incorporate an alternate sort or the standard existences of others. You can likewise discover data on the best way to compose a solid account article by mulling over some great paper points that will help you when you are composing the best record you can think of.</p><p></p><p>Drama composing themes incorporate a few sorts of stories where the heroes endeavor to finish their objectives and breeze through a type of test in the story. You should begin by settling on the class that you need to work with. You can start by investigating for a suitable topic and type with the goal that you will know about what's in store when you are doing your research.</p><p></p><p>When you are making the fundamental theme for your work, you can decide to make it a decent one. The best activity when you are making a decent theme is to concentrate on a couple of things first. This will make it simpler for you to monitor your topic.</p><p></p><p>Focus on the fundamental subjects of the piece, which will assist you with beginning. It is imperative to ensure that you remember your primary topic before you start making your article point. You should have a fundamental thought regarding the theme that you are composing about.</p><p></p><p>In request to keep your enthusiasm for the whole piece, you should keep it fascinating. Numerous individuals will in general spotlight on one point all through the entire piece however this could occupy them from the genuine substance of the piece. Ensure that you remember to feature the key purposes of the primary topic that you need to build up in your account essay.</p><p></p> ;<p>Narrative expositions are commonly organized as though the writer were addressing a group of people. This implies you should keep things pushing ahead through the passages. This will make it simpler for you to keep the peruser's consideration on the primary subject and keep the peruser intrigued while they read the document.</p><p></p><p>When you pick a decent point for your paper, you will see that it is simpler to keep your enthusiasm for the work when you recognize what's in store. You can have confidence that when you start composing your exposition, you will get a decent establishment. This will permit you to prop up through the whole procedure of building your story paper successfully.</p>

Topic to Have a Good Argument About in an Essay

<h1>Topic to Have a Good Argument About in an Essay</h1><p>Having a decent point for an article ought to be one of the primary pieces of composing a paper. Having a decent point for a paper implies having an exposition that is elegantly composed and adheres to some essential guidelines, however not very inflexible and excessively explicit. This implies there are a few points that are a higher priority than others.</p><p></p><p>The best theme to have a decent contention about in a paper is one that you feel firmly about. In the event that you need to have a decent contention about something, you should do look into on it. It is one thing to discuss it in your article, however on the off chance that you feel firmly about it, you will have the option to compose something better and more convincing.</p><p></p><p>The other great theme to have a decent contention about in an exposition is one that you feel unequivocally abou t also. At the point when you feel unequivocally about something, you will have the option to break down it and put words to what you think. In the event that you feel emphatically about an issue, you will have the option to concoct things to expound on that will cause the peruser to feel this way.</p><p></p><p>If you find that there are some broad standards for paper subjects that you make some hard memories following, you should discover an exposition point that is as general as could be expected under the circumstances. With regards to having a decent contention about something, having a general exposition theme is most likely the best one. Having a general theme doesn't imply that you will be constrained to only one subject. You can pick a few unique points to have a decent contention about in a paper and this ought to be a smart thought on the off chance that you need to have a decent contention about something.</p><p></p><p>When picking a general subject, be certain that you don't stall out on one theme. You would prefer not to wind up feeling lost or uncertain about anything. Youwill need to investigate everything that you can discover, yet you will need to realize that you can push ahead and attempt again on the off chance that you believe you can't decide on a specific topic.</p><p></p><p>Having a decent point for an exposition is just a large portion of the fight. You should have a decent exposition too, on the grounds that it is the one in particular that will demonstrate your work to an evaluator or editor.</p><p></p><p>Writing a paper isn't a simple undertaking, and you would prefer not to begin off kilter with a specific theme. You would prefer not to be excessively hard on yourself or on your point, since this will appear on your exposition. Do look into, consider your point, and ensure that you have a decent theme for an essay.</p>

The Number One Approach You Need to Be Using for Discursive Essay Topics

<h1> The Number One Approach You Need to Be Using for Discursive Essay Topics </h1> <p>In this sort of circumstance, it's increasingly helpful to find instant papers and use them for instance. The plan of appointing an exposition to center school understudies is to make mindfulness and grant them to create composing aptitudes. To compose a solid contentious article, they should start by acclimating themselves with a portion of the normal, and regularly clashing, positions on the exploration subject so they can compose an educated paper. At the point when they are composing their factious expositions that need to discover, peruse and dissect loads of material to perform great. </p> <p>An article paper is among the most brief kinds of scholarly errands, however it isn't absolutely the simplest. On the off chance that you choose to be an autonomous article author, you can anticipate precisely the same. Contentious expositions are a couple of as well as can be expected compose as an understudy. Composing a Discursive article isn't a cakewalk, and consequently, we've developed among the major internet composing help suppliers in the usa. </p> <p>In the end, since you're set up to chip away at your paper, we wish to help you to remember the estimation of reasonable exposition structure. Finding great exposition points you could talk about successfully and make ground-breaking contentious articles is a troublesome work. The more exploration you can improve at your up and coming calling, the better. In any case, nearby paper papers are here and there an incredible spot to find fascinating contentious exposition points. </p> <p>In request that will assist you with finding the best one, we arranged some influential paper themes that might be helpful for you. To run over factious paper themes simple on different stages, you should fathom about the contentious article. A desultory paper is among the most charming types of exposition that you may need to write in your scholastic segment. It is a kind of scholarly exposition that remembers an intensive conversation for the specific topic. </p> <p>Argumentative article subjects are so significant since they are debatableand it's basic to consistently be basically thinking about our general surroundings. Moral factious paper points are a couple of the most straightforward to become overzealous with. Late pugnacious exposition themes that are identified with society will do. There are a couple of extraordinary themes to consider when settling on a subject for your factious article. </p> <p>You don't have to secure too specialized with legitimate contentious expositions, however make sure to get your work done on what the current laws about your favored theme really state. At the point when it has to do with composing a contentious exposition, the most critical issue to do is to choose a theme and a contention which you can truly get behind. Before it's conceivable to get to the composing part, you should choose a point first. The theme must be intriguing, the subject must be basic lastly the point must be instructive. </p> <h2>Discursive Essay Topics Fundamentals Explained </h2> <p>Underneath all conditions, you wish to forestall the themes which are excessively exaggerated or are perpetually lasting. Commonly, the instructors or educators allot the points autonomously. To compose an incredible contentious article the understudies initially should examine a few sides of the contention, which grants them to make an informed position. < ;/p> <p>Finding the most reasonable contentions will permit you to demonstrate your point and win. Pugnacious paper is tied in with belligerence and bantering regarding a matter, which is disputable. At long last, you additionally must have the capacity to investigate each side of the contention to give an adjusted article. It's critical to choose begging to be proven wrong pugnacious exposition themes as you need contradicting focuses you could counter to your own focuses. </p> <h2> The Hidden Gem of Discursive Essay Topics</h2> <p>There are a few kinds of expositions, and all of them is trying in an alternate manner. Everybody concurs there isn't sufficient information. You're ready to pick points from arranged arrangements of prepared topics. </p> <p>Truly, the alternatives are interminable and normally, a minuscule overpowering. See what suits you the absolute best and scribble down the planned thoughts for extra thought. As of now you will be expected to introduce each point in particular passages. Realize which of the themes, you presently have a genuinely decent foundation on which will make it workable for you to have a relative edge. </p> <p>Among the most common issues in our present reality is the matter of deforestation. Truly on the off chance that we wish to protect the world and to guard the billions of individuals, we ought to dispose of atomic weapons. The world should move towards expelling atomic weapons and the possibility of making new ones. In this manner, it needs to quit contemplating the economy and the expenses of atomic demilitarization. </p>

Unusual Article Uncovers the Deceptive Practices of Good College Essay Topics to Write about

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How to Start an Essay About Yourself Using Examples From Your Own Life

How to Start an Essay About Yourself Using Examples From Your Own LifeHow to start an essay about yourself is a question that has a different answer for each person who asks it. Some people think that the best way to write about themselves is to use an essay outline or whatnot, others have the idea that they can just write down some personal information and that will be enough. I don't necessarily disagree with the first approach, but the second approach is by far more effective. There are many reasons why it is better to write about yourself rather than using an outline.Your personality comes through every time you write. You can not help but add something new to the personal essay, if you choose to write about yourself. Instead of writing about an outline, you can write about a character from a book you like, or your own situation in life.The personal circumstances you have may not relate to other people, but if you write about them you can at least relate to them better. It helps to be original, to provide your own experiences and see how you would feel, and how your thoughts would change by relating them to others.Write about your experiences, this is the best way to make an essay on yourself because you can add personal experiences. But how to start an essay about yourself? The first thing you need to do is find out what you like about yourself. Is it your imagination, your energy, your intelligence, or some other thing you like about yourself?If you think about your likes, try to apply these to other areas of your life. By doing this you will start to see a pattern emerge, which will lead you to the next step of how to start an essay about yourself.You need to decide what your strengths are, these are the things you like to write about. Also find out what is a weakness, things you hate to write about, and what makes you uncomfortable. Then determine what your qualities are and try to figure out how you can improve on these areas.Write about one area, like an area where you have great energy, or a hobby you are very good at. Or try to identify what makes you happy, and what makes you happy is also something you can write about. Write down things you enjoy doing, things you like about yourself, things you dislike, and what makes you happy when you are at work, at home, or at school.Now that you know how to start an essay about yourself using examples from your own life, you can begin to think about writing a personal essay on yourself. Now you have examples of how to start an essay about yourself, all you need to do is find out what you really want to say, and then you have the solution to this problem. You will have some ideas in your head, and you can move forward with them.

Role stress and performance management - Free Essay Example

ROLE STRESS AND PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT STRESS AND JOB PERFORMANCE People react to stress in different ways. Some copy much better than others and suffering fewer of the harmful effects of stress. Just as stress differs as a function of the individual, it also differs as a function of ones type of occupation. Some occupations are, of course, inherently more stressful than others. All of the stress-strain-health relationships have an obvious impact on the organization and industry. Both physical and mental illness renders the employee unlit for work, and combine both to lessen the satisfaction obtained from work and reduce job performance and productivity levels. There are various ways that stress symptoms or outcomes are reflected in the workplace. Evidence from a growing body of research suggests that certain individuals, in a variety of occupations, are increasingly exposed to unacceptable levels of job-related stress (Schultz Schultz, 2002). Occupational stress is any discomfort which is felt and perceived at a personal level and triggered by instances, events or situations that are too intense and frequent in nature so as to exceed a persons coping capabilities and resources to handle them adequately (Malta, 2004) Occupational stress can be defined as the harmful physical and emotional responses that occur when the requirements of the job do not match the capabilities, resources or need of the worker (Sauter and Murphy. 1999). Performance is defined as the outcomes and accomplishments valued by the organization or system that one works in. Each individual is exposed to a range of stressors both at work and in their personal lives which ultimately affect his or her performance. Pressure at work can be positive leading to increased productivity. However, when this pressure becomes excessive it has a negative impact. The individual perceive themselves as being unable to cope and not to possess the necessary skills to combat their stress. Stress is acknowledged to be one of the main causes of absence from work (Mead, 2000). The occupational stressors can be categorized into four major groups. Firstly, the working conditions, including shift and week-end work, inadequate remuneration, hours of work, discrimination and safety at the work environment. Secondly, relationship at work including quality of relationships with peers, subordinates and supervisors. Thirdly, role conflicts and ambiguity including ill-defined role, functions, expectations, and duties. Fourthly, organization structure and climate which includes communication policy and practice, major changes in the workplace, culture of the organization, and lack of participation in decision-making. Another cause is career development including under utilization of skills or failing to reach full potential. Another contributing factor is the nature of the job which might amount to an immense amount of physical and emotional exhaustion (Parikh Taukari, 2004) The main objective of this study is to identify role of different contributing factors of job stress and to investigate level of stress on those factors in the organization. And also to find that how job performance is affected by job stress. There are different factors of job stress i.e. work overload, work under load, supervision role conflicts, career development, physical environment repetitive work, work family conflict and coworkers. RESEARCH HYPOTHESES There is difference in level of occupational stress among the employees of different departments of the organization. High level of stress adversely affects the performance of the employees. STRESS AT WORLKPLACE (OCCUPATIONAL STRESS) In todays changing and competitive work environment stress level is increasing both in WORKERS as well as MANAGERS .As a result of this work stress, more and more managers are showing signs of chronic fatigue and burnout. Research has concluded that stressed out managers are not good for organization and shareholders also .In most case stress reduced efficiency among individuals as well as reduced productivity also. Stress is the problem in amongst all the countries of the world ,irrespective of whether the economy is strong or weak .To know about the actual work stress we should have to know about the behavior of the individuals ,causes of the stress, its consequences and then how it can be reduce . Considered from an individual`s points of view stress is our body`s physical, mental and chemical reaction to circumstance that frighten, confuse, endanger or irritate to any person. If controlled stress, is a friend that strengthens us for the next encounter .if handled poorly, it becomes an enemy which can cause diseases like high blood pressure, ulcer, asthma, and over reactive thyroid. As per the medical explanation of the term Stress is the body`s general response to environment situations. it can lead to Physiological discomfort. Some kind of emotional unhappiness. Strained relationship with other people. In very simple words stress refers to an individual`s reaction to a disturbing factor in the environment. Different discipline and different professional have viewed it differently. Agarwala at 1979 believed that the confusion in definition is primarily due to the fact that the same term is used variously by scholars of different disciplines .Thus, in physic, stress is a force which acts on a body to produce strain. According to Beehr and Newman Job stress is a condition arising from the interaction of the people and their jobs, and characterized by changes within people and force them to deviate from their normal functioning. Stress can be defined as Bodys non specific response to any demand made on it. Stress is not by definition synonymous with nervous system tension or anxiety. On one side Stress provides the means to express talents and energies and pursue happiness, on the other side it can also cause exhaustion and illness, either physical or psychological One of the common accepted views of stress is provided by Selye through THREE STAGE MODEL OF STRESS. He called it General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS). Selye defines stress as an adoptive response to the external situation that results in physical, physiological, and behavioural deviation for organizational participant. He has suggested a three stage model and states that when an organism is confronted with a threat the general physiological response occurs in the three stages . Selye said that There can be up to three phases that our resistance levels go through when we are exposed to a stressor. The first is the alarm phase. The bodys resistance to physical damage drops for a short-time. This is so our bodies can prepare to cope with the stressor by using up available energy and normally protective stress hormones. Temporarily some of our defenses against physical damage drop so that our blood pressure increases, blood-sugar rises, muscle tension increases, we breathe faster and deeper and we get a surge of adrenaline-like substances to give us extra physical capabilities should we need them. If the stressor no longer exists the body returns to its normal level of resistance. However if the stressor persists, (we cant fight or flee from it or and this goes beyond his original thinking we are unable to apply counteracting psychosocial resources) our level of resistance increases beyond normal, relaxed levels When our bodies start to run in higher gear. High levels of stress hormones continue to help us cope with the stressor. This is appropriately called the resistance phase. If there is no relief the body can continue for days, weeks, even years until either the stressor is suddenly removed or because it is very energy-consuming our body collapses often with more dangerous and extreme physical reactions. They are the same as in the alarm phase only more intense and more relentless. It is here in this third or exhaustion phase that our health suffers or even death can occur. Our level of resistance to physical disorder, disease and psychological pressure is at its lowest. It is characterized by feelings of lethargy an absence of energy and bodily resources to cope. MEASUREMENT OF ROLE STRESS: In the context of India two measures have been developed by Indian researchers and have been extensively used in research in India. They are given below: ORGANIZATIONAL ROLE STRESS: This instrument developed by Pareek (1983) this instrument based on the key concept t understand the integration of the organization .It is through this role that the individual interacts and gets integrated with the system. An n organization can be defined as system of roles, where role has been defined by the expectations various significant persons, including himself / herself, have from that position. The concept of role and the related concepts of role space and role set have a built- in potential for conflict and stress (Pareek 1999). From the point of view of an individual, two role systems are important: Role Space and Role Set. ROLE SPACE:- Each individual occupies and plays several roles simultaneously. A person can be a son a father a member of a club and so on at the same time. All these roles constitute role space time. All these roles constitute role space. In the center of the role space is the self. Role space is the self. Role space thus can be defending as the dynamic inter-relationship between the self various roles an individual occupies. ROLE SET;- The individual`s role in the organization is defined by the expectations of other significant roles and those of the individual himself .thus the role set is the pattern of relationship between the role being considered and other roles. The organization role stress scale consists of 50 items measuring ten different types of organizational role stresses. These roles stress are Following: Inter role distance (IRD):-it is expected when there is a conflict between organizational and non organizational roles. Role stagnation (RS):- it is the feeling of being stuck in same role. Role expectation conflict (REC):- Stress is generated by expectation of different significant persons such as superior , subordinate, and peers ,about the same role and the role occupant`s ambivalence as to whom to please. Role Erosion (RE); Here stress is the function of the role occupant`s feeling that some function which should properly belong to her role are transferred to some other role. Role Overload (RO) ; when the role occupant feels that there are too many expectations from her. Role Isolation (RI); Stress refer to the psychological distance between the occupant role and other roles in the same role set. Personal Inadequacy; It arises when the role occupant feels that he does not have the necessary skills and training for effectively performing the function expected from his role. Self Role Distance (SRD):- When the role the person occupies goes against his self concept. Role Ambiguity (RA):- It refers to the lack of clarity about the expectation of the role. Resource Inadequacy (RIN):- Stress is evident when the role occupant feels that he is not provided with the adequate resources for performing the function expected from his role. SOURCES OF STRESS It has been said that stress result form a misfits between environmental demands and personal adequacies to meet these demands .However, management of stress is not possible unless the individual is aware of the specific source of stress. Stress can be emanating from variety of sources. Pestonjee (1983) has identified three important sectors of life in which stress originates .These are (a) Job and organization (b) Social Factors (c) Inter Psychic sector .The first namely , job and organization, refers to totality of the work environment (task ,atmosphere, colleagues , compensations, policies ,etc.)The social factors refer to the social / culture context of life .It may include religion, caste, language, dress and other factors. The intra psychic sector encompasses those things which are intimate and personal like temperament, values, abilities, and health. It is contended that stresses can originate in any of these sectors or in combinations thereof. Factor intrinsic to the Job: These are related to poor working conditions shift work, long hours, poor technology, travel, risk and danger, work over load. Role in the organization: When a persons role in an organization is clearly defined and understood, and when expectation place upon the individual are also clear and non- conflicting, stress can be kept to a minimum. Ivancevich and Matteson (1980) have identified three critical factors- role ambiguity ,role conflict , and degree of responsibility for others are major source of stress. Relation -ship at work: The working relationship which one has with people working in the same organization can also be a major source of stress. Career Development : A host of issue such as job security , fear of job loss, obsolescence or retirement and numerous performance appraisals can create pressure and strain. Organizational structure climate: just being part of an organization can present threats to a persons sense of freedom and autonomy. It seems that the position in the organization has something to do with stress. However the research evidence its inclusive .some studies have found that position in the organization does make a difference in job stress. Nature of Profession: The research evidence suggests that certain kind of occupations cause greater stress. Than others in a study of comparative degree of stress amongst professionals Mishra(2001)collected data from 144 doctors and 82 nurses drawn from various hospitals , their result show that nurses experience greater stress in their job as compared to doctors. Predispositional stress: The degree of stress seems vary with the personality and predispositional factor. Some individuals experience greater stress than others. Doctors with internal locus of control reported higher organizational stress than the internal . (Kumar 1988) The below chart shows one example of the structure of a department in an organization, indicating typical causes of stress that may effect stress at certain levels in the structure, and particular. Causes that are affecting individuals. Stress is contagious; anyone who is not performing well due to increases the amount of pressure on their colleagues, superiors, and subordinates. SYMPTOMS OF STRESS As stated earlier Stress is caused by or reaction to the external events and bring about changes in our response and our general behavior. The presence of Stress can be estimated by the analysis of certain symptoms an individual shows. These symptoms can be divided into three different categories. They are Feelings ,Behavoiur and pshysological . When the individual experience Stress, one or more of the following symptoms can be exhibited: Feelings The individual becomes anxious about the outcomes and is scared. The person feels that he has got something to loose or something wrong will take place. In an anxious state the person does not want to be corrected or interrupted. He looks out for other areas where he can forget about the stress-causing event for a while. The person becomes irritable and moody. During high level of Stress the individual develops a negative frame of mind and suffers from low self-esteem. The person loses faith in his capabilities and is afraid of the failures. The individual does not have a focused approach and is not able to concentrate and is involved in his own plans and thoughts. Physiological and Behavioral Changes Speech problems. Impulsive Behavior Crying for no apparent reason. Laughing in a high pitch and nervous tone of voice. Grinding of teeth Increasing smoking and use of drugs and alcohol. Being accident-prone Perspiration /sweaty hands Increased heart beat Trembling/Sleeping problems Diarrhea / indigestion / vomiting/ nausea Butterflies in stomach Headaches Premenstrual tension Pain in the neck and or lower back Susceptibility to illness Loss of appetite Nervous ticks Dryness of throat and mouth. Tiring easily or over eating CONSEQUENCES OF STRESS The effect of stress is closely linked to individual personality. The same level of stress affects different people in different ways each person has different ways of coping. Recognizing these personality types means that more focused help can be given. Stress shows itself number of ways. For instance, individual who is experiencing high level of stress may develop high blood pressure, ulcers, irritability, difficulty in making routine decisions, loss of appetite, accident proneness, and the like. These can be subsumed under three categories: Individual consequences Organizational consequence Burnout Individual consequences: Individual consequences of stress are those, which affect the individual directly. Due to this the organization may suffer directly or indirectly, but it is the individual who has to pays for it. Individual consequences of stress are broadly divided into behavioral, psychological and medical. v Behavioral consequences of stress are responses that may harm the person under stress or others. Behaviorally related stress symptoms include changes in productivity, turnover, as well as changes in eating habits, increased smoking or consumption of alcohol, paid speech, and sleep disorders. v Psychological consequences of stress replace to an individual mental health and well-being from or felling depressed. Job related stress could cause dissatisfaction, infact it has most psychological effect on the individual and lead to tension, anxiety irritability, and boredom. v Medical consequences of stress affect a persons well being. According to a research conducted, it revealed that stress could create changes in metabolism, increase heart and breathing rates, increases blood pressure bring out headaches and induce heart attacks. Organizational consequences: Organizational consequences of stress have direct affect on the organizations. These include decline in performance, withdrawal and negative changes in attitude. Decline in performance can translate into poor quality work or a drop in productivity. Promotions and other organizational benefits get affected due to this. Withdrawal behavior also can result from stress. Significant form of withdrawal behavior is absenteeism. One main affect of employee stress is directly related to attitudes. Job satisfaction, morale and organizational commitment can all suffer, along with motivation to perform at higher levels. Burnout:- A final consequence of stress has implementation for both people and organizations. Burnout is a general feeling of exhaustion that develops when an individual simultaneously experiences too much pressure and few sources of satisfaction. STRESS AND YOUR PERFORMANCE So far, we have seen that stress is a negative experience. We have seen the short-term burnout. The Positive Effects of Pressure Sometimes, however, the pressures and demands that may cause stress can be positive in their effect. One example of this is where sportsmen and women flood their bodies with fight-or-flight adrenaline to power an explosive performance. Another example is where deadlines are used to motivate people who seem bored or unmotivated. We will discuss this briefly here, but throughout the rest of this site we see stress as a problem that needs to be solved. The Negative effect of pressure In most work situations jobs, our stress responses cause our performance to suffer. A calm, rational, controlled and sensitive approach is usually called for in dealing with most difficult problems at work: Our social inter-relationships are just too complex not to be damaged by an aggressive approach, while a passive and withdrawn response to stress means that we can fail to assert our rights when we should. Before we look further at how to manage stress and our performance, it is important to look at the relationship between pressure and performance in a little more detail, first by looking at the idea of the Inverted-U, and second by looking at Flow. This is the ideal state of concentration and focus that brings excellent performance. Pressure Performance the Inverted U The relationship between pressure and performance is explained in one of the oldest and most important ideas in stress management, the Inverted-U relationship between pressure and performance. The Inverted-U relationship focuses on peoples performance of a task. The left hand side of the graph is easy to explain for pragmatic reasons. When there is very little pressure on us to carry out an important task, there is little incentive for us to focus energy and attention on it. This is particularly the case when there may be other, more urgent, or more interesting, tasks competing for attention. As pressure on us increases, we enter the area of best performance. Here, we are able to focus on the task and perform well there is enough pressure on us to focus our attention but not so much that it disrupts our performance. The right hand side of the graph is more complex to explain. Negative Thoughts Crowd Our Minds We are all aware that we have a limited short-term memory: If you try to memorize a long list of items, you will not be able to remember more than six or eight items unless you use formal memory techniques. Similarly, although we have huge processing power in our brains, we cannot be conscious of more than a few thoughts at any one time. In fact, in a very real way, we have a limited attention capacity. As we become uncomfortably stressed, distractions, difficulties, anxieties and negative thinking begin to crowd our minds. This is particularly the case where we look at our definition of stress, i.e. that it occurs when a person perceives that demands exceed the personal and social resources the individual is able to mobilize. These thoughts compete with performance of the task for our attention capacity. Concentration suffers, and focus narrows as our brain becomes overloaded. As shown in the figure, this is something of a slippery slope: the more our brain is overloaded, the more our performance can suffer. The more our performance suffers, the more new distractions, difficulties, anxieties and negative thoughts crowd our minds. Other research has shown that stress reduces peoples ability to deal with large amounts of information. Both decision-making and creativity are impaired because people are unable to take account of all the information available. This inability accounts for the common observation that highly stressed people will persist in a course of action even when better alternatives are available. It also explains why anxious people perform best when they are put under little additional stress, while calm people may need additional pressure to produce a good performance. Notes on the research behind the Inverted-U: While this is an important and useful idea, peoples evaluations of stress and performance are by necessity subjective. This has made it difficult to prove the Inverted-U idea formally. Also, for ease of explanation, we show a smooth curve here. In reality, different people have different shaped and positioned inverted-Us at different times and in different circumstances. This is all part of lifes rich tapestry. Entering a State of Flow When you are operating in your area of best performance, you are normally able to concentrate, and focus all of your attention on the important task at hand. When you do this without distraction, you often enter what Professor Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi of Chicago University describes as a state of flow. This involves being completely involved in an activity for its own sake. The ego falls away. Time flies. Every action, movement, and thought follows inevitably from the previous one, like playing jazz. Your whole being is involved, and youre using your skills to the utmost. You perform at your best in this state because you are able to focus all of your efforts, resources and abilities on the tasks at hand. While you are sufficiently motivated to resist competing temptations, you are not so stressed that anxieties and distractions interfere with clear thought. This is an intensely creative, efficient and satisfying state of mind. It is the state of mind in which, for example, the most persuasive speeches are made, the best software is developed, and the most impressive athletic or artistic performances are delivered. Helping Yourself to Get Into Flow One of the frustrations of management is that managers can feel that they lose the right to these periods of deep concentration when they must be readily available to others, and be able to deal with the constantly changing information, decisions and activities around them. Studies of good managers show that they rarely get more than a few minutes alone without distraction. This alone can be frustrating, and can contribute strongly to managerial stress. In jobs where concentration is a rare commodity, there are various solutions to creating the periods of flow that sustain good performance. Solutions include working from home, or setting aside parts of the day as quiet periods. Another solution might be to delegate the activities that require the greatest levels of concentration, allowing the manager to concentrate on problems as they arise, serving to create a flow of its own. One of the key aims of this site is to help you manage stress so that you can enter this state of flow, and deliver truly excellent performance in your career. MANAGING STRESS IN THE WORK PLACE Every responds to stress in a different way, it is only by understanding the nature of individual responses that you can start fighting stress yourself and others. Reduction or elimination of stress is necessary for psychological and physical well being of an individual. Efficiency in stress management enables the individual to deal or cope with the stressful situations instead of avoidance. Strategies like tie management, body-mind and mind-body relaxation exercise, seeking social support help individual improve their physical and mental resources to deal with stress successfully. Apart from helping employees adopt certain coping strategies to deal with stress providing them with the service of counselor is also useful. Many strategies have been developed to help manage stress in the work place. Some are strategies for individuals, and other is geared toward organizations. Individual coping strategies: Many strategies for helping individuals manage stress have been proposed. Individual coping strategies are used when an employee under stress exhibits undesirable behavior on the jobs such as performance, strained relationship with co-workers, absenteeism alcoholism and the like. Employees under stress require help in overcoming its negative effects. The strategies used are: Exercise: One method by which individual can manage their stress is through exercise. People who exercise regularly are known to less likely to have heart attacks than inactive people are. Research also has suggested that people who exercise regularly feel less tension and stress are more conflict and slow greater optimism. Relaxation: A related method individual can manage stress is relaxation. Copying with stress require adaptation. Proper relaxation is an effective way to adopt. Relaxation can take many forms. One way to relax is to take regular vacations; people can also relax while on the job (i.e. take regular breaks during their normal workday). A popular way of resting is to sit quietly with closed eyes for ten minutes every afternoon. Time management: Time management is an often recommended method for managing stress, the idea is that many daily pressures can be eased or eliminated if a person does a better job of managing time. One popular approach to time management is to make a list, every morning or the thins to be done that day. Then you group the items on the list into three categories: critical activities that must be performed, important activities that should be performed, and optimal or trivial things that can be delegated or postponed, then of more of the important things done every day. ROLE MANAGEMENT: Some what related to time management in which the individual actively works to avoid overload, ambiguity and conflict. SUPPORT GROUPS: This method of managing stress is to develop and maintain support group. A support group is simply a group of family member or friends with whom a person can spend time. Supportive family and friends can help people deal with normal stress on an ongoing basis. Support groups can be particularly useful during times of crisis. BEHAVIORAL SELF-CONTROL: In ultimate analysis, effective management if stress presupposes exercise of self-control on the part of an employee. By consciously analyzing the cause and consequences of their own behavior, the employees can achieve self-control. They can further develop awareness of their own limits of tolerance and learn to anticipate their own responses to various stressful situations. The strategy involves increasing an individuals control over the situations rather than being solely controlled by them. COGNITIVE THERAPY: The cognitive therapy techniques such as Ellis rational emotive model and Meichenbaums cognitive strategy fir modification have been used as an individual strategy for reducing job stress. COUNSELING: Personal counseling help employees understand and appreciate a diverse workforce, the holistic approach adopted by the counselor gives him a comprehensive view of the employee as client and enable him to deal the issues of work related problems in a larger context with his awareness of the inter-relationship among problems in adjustment with self, other and environment and that a work concern will effect personal life and vice-versa, the employee would receive help regarding the problem in all life. One of the advantage of the individual interventions is the individual can use these skills to improve the quality of life in offer domains like family, social support and self, thus reducing the negative carry of experiences in these domains into the work life which might effect his occupation mental health. ORGANIZATIONAL STRATEGIES: The most effective way of managing stress calls for adopting stressors and prevent occurrence of potential stressors. Two basic organizational strategies for helping employees manage stress are institutional programs and collateral programs. Work Design Stress Management programs Work schedules Health promotions programs Culture Other programs Supervision Institutional programs: Institutional programs for managing stress are undertaken to established organizational mechanism for example, a properly designed job and word schedules can help ease stress. Shift work in particular can constantly have to adjust their sleep and relaxation patterns. Thus, the design of work schedules should be a focused of organizational efforts to reduce stress. The organizations culture can also used to help to manage stress. The organization should strive to foster a culture that reinforces a healthy mix of work and nonworking activities. Finally, supervision can play an important institutional role in overload. In managing stress. A supervisor is a potential manager source of overload. If made aware of their potential for assigning stressful amounts of work, supervisors can do a better job keeping workloads reasonable. COLLATERAL PROGRAMS: In addition to their institutional efforts aimed at reducing stress, many organizations are turning to collateral programs. A collateral stress program in an organizational program specifically created to help employees deal with stress. The organizations have adopted stress management programs, health promotion programs and other kinds of programs for this purpose. STEPS TO BE TAKEN TO REDUCE STRESS IN THE WORKPLACE Workplace stress is something with which we are all familiar. Stress is a factor in almost all walks of life, and people are accustomed to a level of anxiety or tension being part of the job. A number of steps can be taken to address workplace stress levels and reduce the likelihood of a stress claim in your workplace. 1. Identify sources of stress An important first step is to consider, in the context of your workplace, the most common sources of stress. As with any other health and safety risk, the sources of stress will vary between workplaces, and they will also vary from position to position. The main sources of stress for professionals may be quite different from those facing administrative staff. Stress claims often arise out of performance management and disciplinary action. Bullying is also a common source of stress claims. However, it is very likely that there are circumstances www.mindtools.com/stress/UnderstandStress/StressPerformance.htm particular to your workplace or the nature of your enterprise which may give rise to feelings of stress. Once you have identified the key sources of stress in your workplace, you can take steps to manage those situations to ensure that staff feels supported. 2. Identify work groups at risk In the course of identifying sources of stress in your workplace, you may form the view that some employees are more at risk given the nature of their roles. It is important that you consult with these employees as a group or with their health and safety representatives to ensure that you are able to reduce this risk. 3. Detailed and relevant position descriptions A meaningful, current position description is an important tool in ensuring that an employee understands his or her role. The position description should set out the employees reporting structure, and should broadly set out the sorts of duties that an employee will be expected to perform. This helps to prevent issues of authority and confusion about the scope of the role. 4. Management of workload The feeling of being overworked is a common source of stress claims. While staffing levels are obviously a factor, it is often difficult to increase staffing due to budgetary constraints. It may be more effective to address the factors which lead to employees feeling overworked. Again, these sorts of factors will vary from workplace to workplace, so it is important to consider your particular circumstances to determine the best way to manage workload. 5. Bullying walk the walk As well as having bullying policies and training, it is essential that your organisation is responsive to claims of bullying or harassment, and that any allegations are investigated promptly and thoroughly. 6. Genuine performance reviews Performance reviews are often taken casually, with the result that performance or behavioural problems are not raised with the employee until they reach a critical level. Performance reviews should give employees accurate feedback on their work and on any areas for improvement. However, the person conducting the performance review should always ensure that the performance review is conducted reasonably, against measurable targets and incorporating the employees views. Under the Accident Compensation Act 1985, an employee cannot make a Work Cover claim in relation to stress if the stress arises from: Reasonable actions taken in a reasonable manner to transfer, demote, discipline, redeploy, retrench or dismiss the employee; A reasonable decision by the employer not to provide some benefit in connection with the employment; or The expectation that any of the above will occur. This exception can apply to stress claims arising out of a performance review. If you can show that the performance review was reasonable and conducted reasonably, then an employee will be unable to make the performance review the subject of the claim. Following a properly drafted policy or procedure is a good way of ensuring that the action is seen to be reasonable in nature. However, if the person conducting the performance review is hostile or intimidating during the performance review, the employee can argue that the stress was caused by the nature of the behaviour, and not the review itself, so the exception will not apply. The same principles apply to performance management and disciplinary procedures. 7. Appropriate performance management procedures Performance management procedures should emphasise the early identification of poor performance to employees, setting reasonable timeframes for quantifiable improvement, providing training and other appropriate support to the employee and actively working with the employee to achieve that improvement. Such procedures should also include warnings, but greater emphasis should be on the support an organisation will provide. An employee undergoing performance management should not receive the impression that he or she is being disciplined. 8. Trained health and safety representatives It is important that employees who are experiencing stress feel that there are people available for them to talk to, and that their concerns will be taken into consideration. To this end, as well as to ensure that you satisfy your consultation duties under the OHS Act, there should be trained representatives in the workplace, and regular opportunities for those representatives to report to management. INTRODUCING STRESS MANAGEMENT Stress is a condition or feeling experienced when a person perceives that demands exceed the personal and social resources the individual is able to mobilize. With this in mind, we can now look at how you can manage all of the stresses that your career will bring. We can see that there are three major approaches that we can use to manage stress: Action-oriented: In which we seek to confront the problem causing the stress, changing the environment or the situation; Emotionally-oriented: In which we do not have the power to change the situation, but we can manage stress by changing our interpretation of the situation and the way we feel about it; and Acceptance-oriented: Where something has happened over which we have no power and no emotional control, and where our focus is on surviving the stress. Action-oriented approaches best where you have some control To be able to take an action-oriented approach, we must have some power in the situation. If we do, then action-oriented approaches are some of the most satisfying and rewarding ways of managing stress. These are techniques that we can use to manage and overcome stressful situations, changing them to our advantage. The early sections on the navigation bar to the left focus on action-oriented coping. These sections introduce skills that help you to manage your job actively, work well with your boss and co-workers, and change your surroundings to eliminate environmental stress. Emotionally-oriented approaches subtle but effective If you do not have the power to change a situation, then you may be able to reduce stress by changing the way you look at it, using an emotionally-oriented approach. Emotionally-oriented approaches are often less attractive than action-oriented approaches in that the stresses can recur time and again; however, they are useful and effective in their place. The section on explains some useful techniques for getting another perspective on difficult situations. Acceptance-oriented approaches when theres no valid alternative Sometimes, we have so little power in a situation that all we can do to survive it. This is the case, for example, when loved-ones die. In these situations, often the first stage of coping with the stress is to accept ones lack of power. The section on looks at building the buffers against stress that helps you through these difficult periods. Arguably, the section on also falls into this category. These different approaches to stress management address our definition of stress in different ways: the action-oriented techniques help us to manage the demands upon us and increase the resources we can mobilize; the emotionally oriented techniques help us to adjust our perceptions of the situation; and the acceptance-oriented techniques help us survive the situations that we genuinely cannot change. HOW TO MAXIMIZE EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WHILE MINIMIZING EMPLOYEE STRESS Many managers and business owners mistakenly fear that reducing employee stress requires reducing productivity or creating a country club atmosphere, which in todays marketplace could be fatal. Nothing could be further from the truth; in fact, the opposite is true. When organizations manage in ways that bring out the best in people, they also reduce employee stress. Thats why most of Fortune magazines 100 Best Companies to Work For are industry leaders and enjoy high employee productivity. Employees in these companies are both happy and extremely productive. The key to maximizing productivity while minimizing stress is understanding the factors that influence whether someone working very hard will feel stressed out and burnt out, or whether they will feel motivated, excited, and committed. Scientific research on stress combined with best practices of high performance companies offers clear clues about the key factors that determine whether employees will be stressed out or energized by workplace demands. TO MAXIMIZE EMPLOYEE PRODUCTIVITY AND PERFORMANCE, ORGANIZATIONS CAN: Give Employees As Much Control Over Their Jobs As Possible Research shows that control is the biggest factor in whether people feel stressed out or invigorated when facing a challenge. The more control people have over their work, the greater their job satisfaction, the higher their work quality, and the lower their stress level. Giving employees control includes giving them the power to make job-related decisions, the flexibility to organize their work in the way they find optimal, and the authority to find make improvements on how their job is done. Making this work requires providing employees with the training, coaching, and information they need to make intelligent decisions. Communicate Clearly and Often About Everything Important One of the greatest sources of employee stress is not knowing not knowing about changes taking place in the company, not knowing their supervisors job and performance expectations, and not knowing if they are doing a good job. Communicating clearly in these areas not only reduces employee stress, it also helps them do a far better job. Talk With Your Employees About What Makes Your Company Great, How You Bring Value To Your Customers, and How Your Employees Make That Possible People want to feel part of something great, and they want to feel that they are making a significant contribution to that greatness. When they feel this way, they not only become energized by challenges, theyre also more able to endure difficulties without becoming burnt out. You can put this principle into action by making sure you always deliver a high quality product or service, by talking with employees about the value your company provides to your customers, and explaining how them doing high quality work makes it all possible. Make Sure Supervisors Know How to Bring Out the Best in People Supervisors play a huge role in employee morale, performance, and stress level. Supervisors who know how to provide guidance, support, and encouragement minimize employee stress. Supervisors with poor management skills or with personal problems, not only cant help employees deal with stressful times, they themselves are a tremendous source of stress. The time and financial resources you invest in selecting and training managers will pay huge dividends in reducing employee stress, increasing productivity, and minimizing turnover. Encourage Employees to Talk Freely and Support One Another An all work and no play environment burns out people quickly. Having a workplace where co-workers can talk without worrying about getting into trouble, is especially important in high pressure jobs. Encouraging connections among co-workers also reduces stress, because having social support reduces the negative effects of stressful situations. According to a large body of scientific research, having supportive friends and family members is one of the most important factors influencing a persons ability to handle stress and major life crises without becoming physically or emotionally compromised. Help Employees Design Their Jobs To Be As Rewarding As Possible Although not all jobs are equally rewarding and fulfilling, much can be done to make even the least desirable ones more enjoyable. The more opportunity employees have to make decisions, use their mind, and take responsibility, the more fulfilled they will be. To make this work, employees need to be involved in the job enrichment process. If changes are made without their input, this will most likely backfire. If employees have worked for years in an environment where they were told what to do, it might take time for them to learn how to take a more responsible and active approach to their jobs. Improve Your Hiring and Orientation Process Because the first few months on the job are often the most stressful, new employees are often the most vulnerable to accidents and injuries. For companies that have a sink or swim approach to new employees, these first few months is also a time of high turnover. The more effective youre hiring, new hire orientation, and training is, the more likely new employees will be well-suited, and prepared, for their jobs. Make Sure Employees Have the Resources and Training to Do Their Jobs Well When people feel inadequate, when they feel ill-equipped to handle a challenge, they get stressed out. If employees dont have the tools, technology, time, staff, or training to do their jobs well, they are going to be stressed out, and wont be able to work at their true potential. Investing in these areas pays huge dividends both in terms of reduced stress-related costs, and in increased productivity. SUGGESTIONS TO REDUCE STRESS ON INDIVIDUAL BASIS Take time out: Working long hour without a break for lunch or a cup of tea is counterproductive. Dont skip lunch! Go for a walk . Even half an hour in a different environment can make you feel refreshed and better able to deal with what is happening. Make time for you. Take control: Define your priorities and attend to the important and satisfying things .Explore alternatives .Look for new ways of doing things Indetify things that you can rely on to. Relaxations techniques can help you manage stress in long term .Try yoga or listen to a piece of music that you like that relaxes you. Have a massage or try Aromatherapy. Give yourself a treat. Set your limits: Avoid saying yes when infect you mean no! do not set or accept targets which you cannot achive. If you set unrealistic targets , chances are that you will face negative strees if you fail to achive them . one cannot be perfect at everything. Use time well: Are you always late for things ? Do you get frustrated knowing you could have done a better job if you had organized your time better? Learn how to manage your time properly. Use time positively to move towards your goals in life. Balance recreation or time for your self and friends with work. Talk to someone: When we are stressed we can feel very isolated ,as if we are the only ones feeling that way. Talking to colleagues can help you share some of the pressure. Sharing your concerns with colleagues or partners helps resolve misunderstandings or frustrations. Listen and develop co-operation rather than competition. Exercise: Exercise can help relieve stress and help to add balance to your life. It can be a great stress reliever and it can be fun .Go for a walk at lunch time. Smile: See the funny sides of the tings. Having a joke or laughing, crying and talking helps release some of the tensions of stress rather than keep them bottled up. Recongnize stress: Recognize the signs of stress. You may feel anxious, irritable, nervious, depressed, confused or others may notice you are short tempered, achieving less, unable to concentrate, losing interest in work or leisure activities, drinking too much or eating too much sugary foods. unable to sleep. physically you may notice frequent headaches, tension in the neck and shoulders ,indigestion or upset stomach ,back pain ,you cold hands or feet ,your heart races for no reason and you may even have difficulty breathing. Eat well: Eating healthy food builds the foundation of good health which help handle the pressures of life .do not be tempted to comfort eat. Avoid using alcohol, caffeine or drugs, which will only exacerbate stress in the long run. Make sure you get enough sleep: Take at least 7 hours of sleep .a sound sleep can help in relaxing your body and mind .after a stressful day of work sound sleep will refresh you and help you in starting a new day in a enthusiastic manner. STRESS CONTROL PROGRAMMES IN COMPANIES Firms are now thinking out of the box to manage employee stress, lest it begins to hurt performance. At BAUSCH LOMB, managing employee stress is all about setting achievable sales targets and following a comprehensive annual KRA or goal setting exercise and twice-a-year performance appraisals. This ensures that there are no residual feelings leading to stress. Companies have started recognizing stress at the workplace as a significant business concern and have been bringing proactive measures to provide a healthy environment. KANORIA CHEMICALS AND INDUSTRIES (KCI), for instance, believes in improving the time management skills of its staff to help them achieve work-life balance. Critical activities, such as goal setting, target deployment communications, incentive clarity and performance feedback, if not done properly would lead to high stress levels. This could further be potential reason for quitting the organization. Mitigating negative stress is what companies focus on in their stress management programmes. Some follow Art of Living courses, others are enrolling employees in Yoga and health workshops. Some like Aricent Technologies have put de-stressing tips on their intranets. At EMAMI stress management is rooted in the HR mission and objective. The group has spiritual discourses by well known spiritual leaders and through reputed organisations like Brahma Kumaris and Art of Living, yoga sessions at offsites and regular exercises at the office gym. We even encourage employees to avail themselves of their annual leave. At many companies, Art of Living is the preferred medium for stress busting. Aricent has been conducting these courses since 2001, and says that though it has made the course voluntary in the last two years, there has been no drop in participation. KCI follows the stress management programme not only ensure employee satisfaction but also reduce the probability of attrition. At INFOGAIN, stress management training comprises yoga classes, dance classes, aerobics and fun zones, which are short breaks from hectic schedules. The thrice-a-week classes are held by experts and a panel of physicians is available for consultation in the office. Companies maintain that stress indicator awareness and knowledge of appropriate stress management techniques make a huge difference in the productivity of the employees. XANSA has an all-encompassing stress management programme that includes motivational talk sessions, pranic healing sessions, yoga classes, recreational activities like table tennis, carrom and chess, social get-togethers such as choreography, fashion shows, collage competitions and painting competitions and no graveyard shifts. Day care centres and games on the intranet also help in beating stress. Such de-stressing programmes have helped the organisation to find out the kinds of problems or issues being faced by employees at the workplace. All these companies are organizing the stress management programmes thus to reduce the stress and increase the performance of the employees. It has been realized that if the employees stress level is too high, their work may become impaired, and the hostility they posses would get reflected in the quality of their service. In such a scenario, employees who suffer the burden of having to perform can simply crack. They may actually develop ailments like heart problems, high blood pressure and peptic ulcers. Therefore, we felt the need to incorporate certain tools as part of our HR programme to control and manage employee stress. COMPANIES TACKLE STRESS AT WORK: WEBMART Award-winning print management company, WEBMART, who claim to live by the maxim, do well and do good are celebrating National Stress Awareness Day today with their first yoga class for employees at the Bicester-based office. The yoga classes take place in Webmarts calming chill-out room, which forms part of their brand new gym, equipped with self-powered exercise machines. All employees are encouraged to attend the weekly lunchtime sessions, which are conducted by a fully trained local yoga instructor. Webmarts Geraldine Lay, who organised the yoga classes, says, I think its essential that companies provide opportunities like this for their staff. These days everyones multi-tasking and juggling so many things at once that they need some time out clear their minds, which can help to improve their performance at work. Increasingly theres a stigma attached to the idea of taking a lunch break when theres so much to be done, and providing yoga classes at lunchtime gives employees that well-needed chill-out time away from their desks. The International Stress Management Association (ISMA) is encouraging everyone to acknowledge National Stress Awareness Day and to think about how unproductive and demoralizing stress can be. Acknowledging the things that put undue pressure on your life and then doing something positive and constructive to manage that pressure can cut stress off at its roots. Yoga is been acknowledged to bring about stress relief due to combined techniques of controlled breathing, meditation, physical movement, mental imagery, and stretching. ANALYSIS: It can be observed from the above article that the companies now a days are more focused towards the problems faced by their employees related to the stress. The companies are taking various steps to overcome this problem. E.g. In the company WEBMART, the management has arranged yoga classes for their employees. They used various techniques like controlled breathing, meditation etc. which helps the employees to feel relief through stress. Thus, the employees feel fresher and give their best. This leads to increase in the performance of the employees. 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